Determinan Literasi Keuangan pada Pelaku Usaha Mikro, Kecil, dan Menengah (UMKM) di Kota Mataram
Abstract
Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk membuktikan bahwa tingkat pendidikan, usia, jenis kelamin, pendapatan, dan jarak domisili sebagai determinan yang mempengaruhi literasi keuangan serta untuk membuktikan bahwa pengetahuan, sikap, dan perilaku sebagai indikator yang mempengaruhi literasi keuangan pelaku UMKM di Kota Mataram.
Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian eksplanasi. Metode pengumpulan data adalah sampel survey. Teknik penentuan sampel menggunakan probability random sampling, berdasarkan kluster sampling, jumlah sampel ditentukan sebanyak 105 pelaku UMKM. Model analisis yang digunakan untuk estimasi dan pengujian hipotesis menggunakan model analisis jalur Partial Least Squares (PLS).
Hasil penelitian membuktikan bahwa pendidikan, umur, dan jarak domisili tidak berpengaruh terhadap Literasi Keuangan. Tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan tingkat literasi antara perempuan dan laki-laki. Sedangkan pendapatan berpengaruh terhadap Literasi Keuangan pelaku UMKM di Kota Mataram. Dari tiga indikator hanya pengetahuan yang berpengaruh, sedangkan sikap dan perilaku tidak berpengaruh terhadap Literasi Keuangan. Nilai R-square (nilai original sampel) adalah sebesar 0,139 membuktikan bahwa hasil estimasi inner dan outer model adalah predictive relevan.
Rendahnya literasi keuangan pelaku UMKM menjadi tantangan terhadap penyedia layanan keuangan guna menghadirkan solusi yang tepat yakni sosialisai dan eduksi melalui perencanaan dan pengelolaan keuangan yang lebih baik, guna melindungi mereka dari usaha yang tidak sehat di pasar keuangan.
References
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Robb, C. A. & Wodyard, A. S. (2011): “Financial Knowledge and Best Practice Behaviors,†Journal of Financial Counseling and Planning, Vol. 22 (1), PP.60-70
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Shah, H., & Punit, S. (2015). Women entrepreneurs in developing nations: Growth and replication strategies and their impact on poverty alleviation. Technology Innovation Management Review, 5(8), 34–43.
Tambunan, T. T. H. (2009a). Development of small and medium enterprises in ASEAN countries. New Delhi: Readworthy Publications, Ltd..
Tambunan, T. T. H. (2010). Trade liberalization and SMEs in ASEAN. New York: Nova Science Publishers, Inc..
Widiyati, Sri., Edi Wijayanto, Prihatiningsih. (2018). Financial Literacy Model at Micro Small Medium Entreprise (MSMEs) MIMBAR, Vol.34 No 2 nd (December) 2018 pp. 255-264.
Akifa P. Nayla, (2014). Komplet Akuntansi untuk UMKM dan Waralaba, Laksana, Jogjakarta, hlm. 12.
Atkinson, A. and F. Messy (2012), “Measuring Financial Literacy: Results of the OECD / International Network on Financial Education (INFE) Pilot Studyâ€, OECD Working Papers on Finance, Insurance and Private Pensions, No. 15, OECD Publishing, Paris.http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/5k9csfs90fr4-en
BI & LPPI. (2015). Profil Bisnis Usaha Mikro, Kecil dan Menengah (UMKM) (business profile of micro, small and medium enterprises). Jakarta: Bank Indonesia.
BPS. (2015). Profil Industri Mikro dan Kecil Tahun 2015 (Profile of micro and small enterprises). Jakarta: Badan Pusat Statistik.
BPS. (2017). Analisis Ketenagakerjaan Usaha Mikro dan Kecil (Employment analysis of micro and small enterprises). Sensus Ekonomi 2016. Jakarta: Badan Pusat Statistik.
Das, S., & Mohiuddin, K. M. (2015). Motivational factors and the constraints of women entrepreneurship development in Bangladesh. International Journal of Information, Business and Management, 7(3), 377–396.
Fatoki, O. & Oni, O. (2014): “Financial Literacy Studies in South Africa: Current Literature and Research Opportunities,†Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, Vol 5 (20), P. 409-414
Fiseha, G. G., & Akeem, A. O. (2015). An assessment of the roles of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in the local economic development (LED) in South Africa. Journal of Economics, 6(3), 280–290.
Grohmann, Antonia, Theres Klühs Lukas Menkhoff. (2018). Does financial literacy improve financial inclusion? Cross country evidence.World Development 111. Pp. 84–96
Ghozali, I. 2014. Structural Equation Modeling: Metode Alternatif dengan Partial Least Square (PLS).Semarang: Badan Penerbit Universitas Diponegoro Semarang.
Huston. Sandra J. (2010). Measuring Financial Literacy. The Journal of Consumer Affairs, Vol. 44, No. 2
Kebede, Matewos. (2015). Financial Literacy and Management of Personal Finance: A Review of Recent Literatures. Research Journal of Finance and Accounting www.iiste.org ISSN 2222-1697 (Paper) ISSN 2222-2847 (Online) Vol.6, No.13, 2015
Klapper,Leora Annamaria Lusardi, Peter van Oudheusden, (2015). Financial Literacy Around the World: Insights From The Standard & Poor’s Ratings Services Global Financial Literacy Survey World Bank Policy Research Working Paper
Keown, L. A. 2011. The financial knowledge of Canadians, (11).
Lusardi, Annamaria, and Olivia S. Mitchell. (2014). "The Economic Importance of Financial Literacy: Theory and Evidence." Journal of Economic Literature, 52 (1): 5-44.
Midgley, J. (2008). Microenterprise, global poverty and social development. International Social Work, 51(4), 467–479.
Nurhidayati, Siti Eni & Moch. Khoirul Anwar. (2018). Pengaruh Faktor Demografi Terhadap Literasi Keuangan Syariah Karyawan Perbankan Syariah Di Surabaya. Jurnal Ekonomi Islam, Volume 1 Nomor 1, Tahun 2018. Halaman 1-12
OECD-INFE. (2011). Measuring financial literacy: Core questionnaire in measuring financial literacy: Questionnaire and guidance notes for conducting an internationally comparable survey of financual literacy. Paris:OECD.
Olawale Fatoki (2014) The Financial Literacy of Micro Entrepreneurs in South Africa, Journal of Social Sciences, 40:2, 151-158,
Oseifuah. E. K. (2010). Financial literacy and youth entrepreneurship in South Africa. African Journal of Economic and Management Studies, Vol. 1 Iss: 2.
Orlando, MarÃa Beatriz & Molly, Pollack (2000). Microenterprises and Poverty. Evidence from Latin America. Washington, D.C: Inter-American Development Bank Sustainable Development Department Microenterprise Unit, February. Retrieved from
https://publications.iadb.org/bitstream/handle/11319/5035/ microenterprises% 20and%20 Poverty.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y. Accessed 2 Feb 2018.
Otoritas Jasa Keuangan. (2016). Peraturan Otoritas Jasa Keuangan No 7 Tahun 2016 tentang Peningkatan Literasi dan Inklusi Keuangan di Sektor Jasa Keuangan untuk Konsumen dan/atau Masyarakat. Jakarta:OJK.
Otoritas Jasa Keuangan. 2013. Indonesia National Strategy for Financial Literacy, (Online), https://sikapiuangmu.ojk.go.id/.
Oyelana, A. A., & Adu, E. O. (2015). Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) as a means of creating employment and poverty reduction in Fort Beaufort, eastern Cape Province of South Africa. Journal of Social Sciences, 45(1), 8–15.
Rahmana, Arief. 2008. Usaha Kecil dan Menengah (UKM), Informasi Terdepan tentang Usaha Kecil Menengah, (online), (http://infoukm.wordpress.com, diakses 1 oktober 2011)
Raghuvanshi, Juhi, Rajat, Agrawal, & P. K. Ghosh (2017). Analysis of Barriers to Women Entrepreneurship: The DEMATEL Approach. The Journal of Entrepreneurship, 26(2), 220–238. Retrived from
http://journals.sagepub.com/impact-factor/joe. Accessed 2 Feb 2018.
Robb, C. A. & Wodyard, A. S. (2011): “Financial Knowledge and Best Practice Behaviors,†Journal of Financial Counseling and Planning, Vol. 22 (1), PP.60-70
Santos, Ajoqué & Gihan, Moustafa (2016). Female entrepreneurship in developing countries - Barriers and Motivation Case Study: Egypt and Brazil. Master of Science Thesis. KTH Industrial Engineering and Management, Stockholm. Retrieved from http://www.diva-portal.se/smash/get/diva2:949759/ FULLTEXT01.pdf. Accessed 2 June 2018.
Shah, H., & Punit, S. (2015). Women entrepreneurs in developing nations: Growth and replication strategies and their impact on poverty alleviation. Technology Innovation Management Review, 5(8), 34–43.
Tambunan, T. T. H. (2009a). Development of small and medium enterprises in ASEAN countries. New Delhi: Readworthy Publications, Ltd..
Tambunan, T. T. H. (2010). Trade liberalization and SMEs in ASEAN. New York: Nova Science Publishers, Inc..
Widiyati, Sri., Edi Wijayanto, Prihatiningsih. (2018). Financial Literacy Model at Micro Small Medium Entreprise (MSMEs) MIMBAR, Vol.34 No 2 nd (December) 2018 pp. 255-264.
Published
2020-06-07
How to Cite
Chaidir, T., Suprapti, I. A. P., Arini, G. A., & Ismiwati, B. (2020). Determinan Literasi Keuangan pada Pelaku Usaha Mikro, Kecil, dan Menengah (UMKM) di Kota Mataram. Elastisitas : Jurnal Ekonomi Pembangunan, 2(1), 1 - 19. Retrieved from https://elastisitas.unram.ac.id/index.php/elastisitas/article/view/15
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